Abstract
Molecular typing of bacterial isolates provides a powerful approach for distinguishing Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) genotypes. It is known that M. bovis strain virulence plays a role in prevalence and spread of the disease, suggesting that strain virulence and prevailing genotypes are associated. However, it is not well understood whether strain virulence correlates with particular genotypes. In this study, we assessed the in vitro intracellular growth of 18 M. bovis isolates in bovine macrophages as an indicator of bacterial virulence and sought a relationship with the genotype identified by spoligotyping. We found 14 different spoligotypes—11 were already known and three spoligotypes had never been reported before. We identified 2 clusters that were phylogenetically related, containing 10 and 6 strains, respectively, and 2 orphan strains. Intracellular growth and phagocytic rates of 18 M. bovis strains were heterogeneous. Our results suggest that M. bovis intracellular growth and phagocytosis are independent of the bacterial lineage identified by spoligotyping.
Highlights
Bovine tuberculosis (BTB) is an infectious disease originated by the presence of Mycobacterium bovis in cattle
Our results demonstrated that strains belonging to the same phylogenetically related clusters showed a differential intracellular survival/replication rate, suggesting that spacer composition does not influence M. bovis intracellular growth in bovine macrophages
Macrophages were obtained from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), as described before [11]
Summary
Bovine tuberculosis (BTB) is an infectious disease originated by the presence of Mycobacterium bovis in cattle. BTB generates high economic losses in livestock and affects animal health policies. This entity has spread worldwide, within a broad range of hosts, including humans, livestock, and wildlife [1]. M. bovis strains differ depending on the host they are infecting and the geographic region they are located in. Molecular typing of bacterial isolates based on polymorphisms in genomic DNA (genotyping) provides a powerful approach in distinguishing M. bovis strains, and may further yet provide valuable insights into the maintenance and transmission of infection [3]. The most common epidemiological molecular typing methods for members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex are:
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