Genetically Modified Birds

Abstract

Genetic engineering, which is synonymous to genetic modification, is the designed alteration of the genetic make-up of an organism and it is the basis for modern biotechnology. on the other hand, biotechnology is the application of science in production of goods and services using biological agents. The cell which is the functional unit of life contains two kinds of nucleic acids: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and the Ribonucleic acid (RNA). While the DNA is the genetic material, the RNA functions in protein synthesis. The tools and method for genetic modification include; gene insertion, gene deletion and gene regulation. Vectors are the biological vehicles used to transport DNA into host cells and without them, the whole process will be almost impossible. Birds belong to the class of aves and are characterised by presence of feathers. They are classified into precocious, semi precocious altricial and semi altricial based on development. However, birds can be modified for improved egg production, meat production, erythropeitin production and bird flu resistance. That notwithstanding, concerns have been raised on its effect on the environment and human health risks including concerns for modern birds and their own health. Whatever the case may be, the choice to consume transgenic birds should be left to the consumers, therefore, clear distinctions should be made between transgenic and non- transgenic bird for consumers to choose.