Genetic worth of multiple sets of cowpea breeding lines destined for advanced yield testing

Patrick Obia Ongom,Ishaya Daniel Jockson,Abou Togola,Mansur Sani Ahmad,Ousmane Boukar,Christian Fatokun,Garba Bala,Oluwaseye Gideon Oyebode

doi:10.1007/s10681-020-02763-y

Patrick Obia Ongom, Ishaya Daniel Jockson + Show 6 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-020-02763-y

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Journal: Euphytica	Publication Date: Jan 29, 2021
Citations: 10	License type: open-access

Affiliation: International Institute of Tropical Agriculture

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine genetic potentials in eight sets of cowpea lines for grain yield (GY), hundred seed weight (HSDWT) and days to 50% flowering (DT50FL). A total of 614 F6 genotypes constituting the sets, grouped by maturity, were evaluated across two locations in Northern Nigeria, in an alpha lattice design, two replications each. Data were recorded on GY, HSDWT and DT50FL.Variance components, genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV), and genetic advance (GA) were used to decode the magnitude of genetic variance within and among sets. Genetic usefulness (Up) which depends on mean and variance to score the genetic merits in historically bi-parental populations was applied to groups of breeding lines with mixed parentage. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to depict contribution of traits to observed variations. GY and DT50FL explained the variance within and between sets respectively. Genotypes were significantly different, although genotype-by-location and set-by-location interaction effects were also prominent. Genetic variance (δ2G) and GCV were high for GY in Prelim2 (δ2G = 45,897; GCV = 19.58%), HSDWT in Prelim11 (δ2G = 7.137; GCV = 17.07%) and DT50F in Prelim5 (δ2G = 4.54; GCV = 4.4%). Heritability varied among sets for GY (H = 0.21 to 0.57), HSDWT (H = 0.76 to 0.93) and DT50FL (H = 0.20 to 0.81). GA and percentage GA (GAPM) were high for GY in Prelim2 (GAPM = 24.59%; GA = 269.05Kg/ha), HSDWT in Prelim11 (GAPM = 28.54%; GA = 4.47 g), and DT50F in Prelim10 (GAPM = 6.49%; GA = 3.01 days). These sets also registered high values of genetic usefulness, suggesting potential application in non-full sib populations. These approaches can be used during preliminary performance tests to reinforce decisions in extracting promising lines and choose among defined groups of lines.

Highlights

Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] is a key legume in the semi-arid regions of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) because of its significant contribution to food30 Page 2 of 18 and nutritional security in the region
The box plots revealed different levels of dispersion within each breeding set with Prelim5 being the most variable set with high median grain yield (GY), followed by Prelim10 and Prelim1, while Prelim11 had the least dispersion and the lowest median GY (Fig. 1a)
Prelim11 was earlier than other sets with median days to 50% flowering (DT50FL) of about 45 days while Prelim8 took more than 50 days on average to flower (Fig. 1c)

Summary

Introduction

Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] is a key legume in the semi-arid regions of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) because of its significant contribution to food30 Page 2 of 18 and nutritional security in the region. Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] is a key legume in the semi-arid regions of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) because of its significant contribution to food. In the dry savannas of West Africa, cowpea is regarded as a dual purpose crop providing both human food and animal fodder (Singh et al 2003; Kamara et al 2012). A recent report revealed cowpea’s medicinal properties, anti-cancer, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-inflammatory and anti-hypertensive properties (Jayathilake et al 2018).

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