Genetic Variations of Brain Derived Neurotropic Factor Gene With Premenstrual Syndrome Among Pakistani Menarcheal Girls: A Pilot Study

Mehir Un Nisa Iqbal,Fatima Noor,Taseer Khan

doi:10.46568/bios.v1i2.7

Abstract

The premenstrual syndrome (PMS) comprises various physical and emotional symptoms which are associated with the menstrual cycle. The emotional changes might be due to the variation in the levels of BDNF especially lower levels of plasma BDNF may be present at the luteal phase of menstrual cycle. To date, no data were present to associate the link between BDNF gene polymorphism and PMS among young Menarcheal females. So, the goal of this investigation is to find out the possible relationship between BDNF gene polymorphism and PMS among young Menarcheal females of Pakistan. A total of 92 menarcheal girls with age range of 11-14yrs met the inclusion criteria. All participants were screened for the depression and PMS using Zung’s depression scale/ Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV (DSM IV) criteria and world health organization (WHO) criteria for PMS respectively. Genomic DNA was extracted from oral samples by Salting out method and BDNF genotyping was done using PCR-RFLP analysis. Results showed no significant association (χ2=1.685, p-value=0.431) was observed between BDNF genotyping and PMS among menarcheal girls. BDNF (rs6265) AA and GA genotypes did not show significant association with the risk of PMS. Hence, it was concluded that BDNF gene polymorphism may not be associated with the PMS among Pakistani Menarcheal girls

Highlights

Premenstrual syndromes (PMS) is typically present in reproductive age women [1] and can be defined as a cluster of emotional and physical symptoms occur shortly before each menstrual cycle and resolves at the beginning of menstruation [2]
Majority of them emphasize on the gonadal steroids, their metabolites and their communications with neurotransmitters and neuro-hormone systems including serotonin, gammaAminobutyric acid (GABA), cholecystokinin (CCK), and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)
Our findings suggested that BDNF genotyping deviate significantly in accordance with the Hardy Weinberg principle which is in contrary to other findings [18]

Summary

Introduction

Premenstrual syndromes (PMS) is typically present in reproductive age women [1] and can be defined as a cluster of emotional and physical symptoms occur shortly before each menstrual cycle and resolves at the beginning of menstruation [2]. PMS is the main source to cause considerable physical and psychological distress during their reproductive years. The cause of this distress during menstrual cycle is unclear. More than 150 symptoms of PMS have been identified in which mood swings and depressive symptoms are prevalent. The most severe form of PMS is premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), a combination of many psychological and somatic symptoms prompting in the luteal phase resulting in the menstruation [9]

Methods

Results

Conclusion