Genetic Variation in the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Gene is Associated With Biliary Atresia

Abstract

Biliary atresia (BA) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the bile ducts resulting in biliary cirrhosis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been implicated in cell-mediated inflammatory reactions. We aimed to study the relationship between genetic variations of the VEGF gene and susceptibility to BA using both case-control and family-based methodologies. A total of 45 Taiwanese children with BA, 160 ethnically matched healthy controls, and 40 families (consisting of parents, affected children, and unaffected siblings) were studied. Three functional VEGF polymorphisms (-2578 A/C, -634 G/C, and +936 C/T) were assessed by using TaqMan assay. The +936 CC genotype [odds ratio (OR) 3.51, 95% confidence interval 1.54-8.01, P(c)=0.006] and C allele (OR 3.19, 95% confidence interval 1.48-6.90, P(c)=0.004) were significantly associated with increased risk of BA. The association of the +936 C allele with BA was also confirmed in a family-based association study (OR 5.7, chi2=9.8, P(c)=0.005). None of the haplotypes studied significantly influenced the risk to BA in either the case-control or family data sets. The VEGF +936 C/T polymorphism and particularly the C allele are associated with BA, possibly conferring increased susceptibility to the disease.