Abstract
Background and Aim:Myostatin (MSTN), a member of the transforming growth factor-b family, is a negative regulator of muscle mass. This study aimed to detect the genetic variation of the 1160 bp fragment of exon 1 and part of intron 1 of the MSTN gene in several cattle populations raised in Indonesia.Materials and Methods:Polymerase chain reaction products of the MSTN gene amplified from 92 animals representing 10 cattle populations (Peranakan Ongole [PO], Belgian Blue x PO cross, Rambon, PO x Bali cross, Jabres, Galekan, Sragen, Donggala, Madura, and Bali) were sequenced, compared, and aligned with bovine MSTN of Bos taurus (GenBank Acc. No. AF320998.1) and Bos indicus (GenBank Acc. No. AY794986.1).Results:Four nucleotide substitutions (nt 1045 and 1066 in intron 1; nt 262 and 418 in exon 1) and two indels (nt 807 and 869 in intron 1) were synonymous mutations. Among these substitutions, only the nt 262G>C and nt 418A>G loci were polymorphic in all populations, except Bali cattle. The frequencies of the nt 262C (0.82) and nt 418A (0.65) alleles were highest. For the nt 262G>C locus, the CC genotype had the highest frequency (0.66) followed by GC (0.30) and CC (0.03). For the nt 418A>G locus, the AG genotype had the highest frequency (0.52) followed by AA (0.39) and GG (0.09).Conclusion:The results, showing genetic variations in exon 1 and intron 1 of the MSTN gene, might be helpful for future association studies.
Highlights
Genetic improvement for economically important traits in livestock depends primarily on selective breeding using superior phenotypes
The Peranakan Ongole (PO), Belgian Blue × PO cross (BP), PO × Bali cross (PB), and Bali (BL) cattle were obtained from the Beef Cattle Research Institute of Grati, East Java, while the Rambon (RM), Jabres (JB), Galekan (GK), Sragen (SR), Donggala (DG), and Madura (MD) cattle were collected from Banyuwangi of East Java Province, Brebes of Central Java Province, Trenggalek of East Java Province, Sragen of Central Java Province, Donggala of Central Sulawesi Province, and Pamekasan of East Java Province, respectively
B. indicus cattle breeds are prevalent in Indonesia, but several breeds come from a mixture of B. indicus and B. taurus
Summary
Genetic improvement for economically important traits in livestock depends primarily on selective breeding using superior phenotypes. Current technologies using marker-assisted selection (MAS) enable scientists to improve the accuracy and efficiency of traditional selection methods and enhance the understanding of DNA polymorphisms that affect animal production traits [1]. If a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) affects particular traits of interest, it could be used for MAS in livestock breeding programs [2]. Myostatin (MSTN) was examined as a possible genetic marker in cattle breeding. The MSTN gene is a member of the transforming growth factor-β family, which acts as a negative regulator. Myostatin (MSTN), a member of the transforming growth factor-β family, is a negative regulator of muscle mass. This study aimed to detect the genetic variation of the 1160 bp fragment of exon 1 and part of intron 1 of the MSTN gene in several cattle populations raised in Indonesia
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