Abstract
ObjectiveNeuregulin 1 (NRG1) was proved to play an important role in numerous neurodevelopmental processes. In our study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between the NRG1 gene polymorphism and the cognitive function of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) complicated with post‐traumatic stress disorders (PTSD) before and after the psychological intervention.MethodsMini‐mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment (LOTCA) were used for cognitive function assessment. Serum level of NRG1 was detected by ELISA, and the correlation between NRG1 level and cognitive function was analyzed. The difference of cognitive function score of patients with HCC complicated with PTSD before and after psychological intervention was compared, and the relationship between rs35753505 and rs3924999 polymorphism with the score was analyzed.ResultsPatients with HCC complicated with PTSD showed decreased serum NRG1 level. NRG1 levels of patients in the HCC + PTSD group were positively correlated with MMSE, MoCA, and LOTCA scores. In rs35753505, the CC genotype was a risk factor for the occurrence of PTSD in patients with HCC, while in rs3924999, the GG genotype was a risk factor for the occurrence of PTSD in patients with HCC. After psychological intervention, the CC genotype at rs35753505 and the GG genotype at rs3924999 were susceptible genotypes.ConclusionCC genotype at rs35753505 and GG genotype at rs3924999 of NRG1 gene increased the risk of PTSD in patients with HCC. CC and GG genotypes were susceptible after psychological intervention.
Highlights
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer around the world and the second leading cause of cancer death.[1]Statistics show that the incidence of HCC is high in eastern/south-eastern Asia and Africa, intermediate in Southern Europe, and low in most high-income countries.[2]
The results showed that the genotype distribution of rs35753505 and rs3924999 in the Neuregulin 1 (NRG1) gene in the control group was in accordance with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P = .533, P = .340), suggesting the population representativeness
At rs35753505, compared to the TT genotype, the CC genotype was a risk factor for the occurrence of Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in patients with HCC (OR = 2.077, 95% CI = 1.066-4.141, P = .041); while the C allele was a risk factor compared to the T allele (OR = 1.602, 95%CI = 1.106-2.296, P = .015)
Summary
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer around the world and the second leading cause of cancer death.[1]. It is reported that patients with HCC has low 5-year survival rate (~16%) partly due to the lack of effective therapeutic methods.[4]. It is very urgent to find new therapeutic methods for HCC treatment. Psychotherapy was reported as the main treatment method to address PTSD symptoms.[7]. The mechanisms underlying HCC patients complicated with PTSD are not yet fully understood. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of NRG1 SNP8NRG221533 (rs35753505), SNP8NRG241930 (rs62510682), and SNP8NRG243177 (rs6994992) are related to some neuropsychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia and major depression.[12,13]. Previous evidence has pointed out that rs3924999 in NRG1 gene might affect cognitive processing functionally.[14]. We attempted to address the correlation between the NRG1 gene polymorphism (rs35753505 and rs3924999) and the cognitive function of the patients with HCC complicated with PTSD before and after the psychological intervention
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