Abstract
Genetic relationships among eighteen white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) genotypes, including 12 Egyptian landraces were studied using ISSR and AFLP markers. Twelve ISSR and four AFLP primers/primer combinations were used to assay the polymorphism levels among the lupin accessions. These molecular markers revealed high levels of polymorphism, 94.6% for AFLP and 59.5 % for ISSR. A total of 180 AFLP peaks were scored as positive unique markers ''PUMs'' and 26 peaks as negative unique markers ''NUMs''. Eighteen unique ISSR markers were detected, including 9 PUMs and 9 NUMs. The estimated similarities produced from combined data for both markers among the 18 lupin genotypes ranged between 53.3 and 80.5. Cluster analysis was presented as a dendrogram based on similarity estimates using the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic average (UPGMA). Through a comparison study, AFLP exhibited significantly higher multiplex ratio (159.5), number of observed alleles (1.946), effective multiplex ratio (151), polymorphic information content (0.208) and marker index (31.44) when compared to those of ISSR. The use of AFLPs and ISSRs allowed for the genetic analysis spanning the lupin genome and revealed the high genetic variations found among accessions that make them useful tools for the breeder to decide the best combinations to be chosen for breeding programs.
Highlights
Cluster analysis was presented as a dendrogram based on similarity estimates using the un-weighted pair-group method with arithmetic average (UPGMA) (Sokal and Michener, 1958)
In the present study twelve Inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) primers were used to investigate the genetic polymorphism among the 18 lupin genotypes
A total of 180 Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) peaks were scored as positive unique markers ''PUMs'' and 26 peaks as negative unique markers ''NUMs''
Summary
Eighteen Lupinus albus L. accessions were provided by the National Gene Bank (NGB), Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt. The two cultivars Giza 1 and Giza 2 were developed through individual selection from local landraces; Giza 1 is adapted for cultivation in northern region of Egypt, whereas Giza 2 is adapted for Upper Egypt region planting. Both cultivars are tolerant to wilt disease (Hefny, 2011). The local commercial varieties, lines 3, 15 and 21 are breeding lines under investigation that are developed by Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
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