Abstract
Aim. The aim of our work was to investigate the interbreed differentiation of Ukrainian Red-and-Motley and Black-and-White dairy cows based on the results of the analysis of allelic and genotypic polymorphism of DNA microsatellites. Methods. Genotyping of 88 DNA samples of two most numerous dairy cattle breeds in Ukraine – Ukrainian Red-and-Motley and Black-and-White dairy cows – was conducted by 10 loci, recommended by the International Society for Animal Genetics (ISAG). The analysis of allelic and genotypic polymorphism was performed using parametric and non-parametric methods. Results. Informative value of DNA microsatellites as markers of genetic processes, which take place in the populations of domestic animals, was assessed. Conclusions. The investigated breeds demonstrate a reliable level of genetic differentiation with a high level of similarity.
Highlights
The estimation of interbreed differentiation of the most numerous cattle breeds in Ukraine is one of the most relevant elements of breeding in domestic animal farming and the preservation of local breeds
The analysis of the allelic diversity of 10 microsatellite loci demonstrated that the highest average number of the allelic variants was found in the population of Ukrainian Red-and-Motley (URM) breed – 9.5 alleles/locus, whereas the same index for Ukrainian Blackand-White (UBW) breed was 9.2 alleles/locus
In our study each breed was characterized by the highest number of alleles in three microsatellite loci out of the 10 investigated ones, namely, URM – in loci TGLA126, BM2113 and SPS115, and URM – in loci INRA23, BM1824 and TGLA227
Summary
The estimation of interbreed differentiation of the most numerous cattle breeds in Ukraine is one of the most relevant elements of breeding in domestic animal farming and the preservation of local breeds. One of the most conclusive directions of estimating this characteristic is the analysis of genetic diversity. DNA microsatellites – highly polymorphic multilocus genetic systems – are highly informative markers of the degree of genetic differentiation for the populations of domestic animals [1, 2, 4]. Almost all the microsatellites are located in qualitative trait loci (QT) or are related to genes, connected to reproduction processes [3]. Microsatellites of DNA have been used for the analysis of genetic diversity of many cattle breeds including Northern breeds [5], breeds of Central [6] and.
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