Abstract
Thirty insertion/deletion loci were utilized to study the genetic diversities of 125 bloodstain samples collected from Bai group in Yunnan Dali region, China. The observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity of the 30 loci ranged from 0.1520 to 0.5680, and 0.1927 to 0.4997, respectively. No deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium tests after Bonferroni correction were found at all 30 loci in Bai group. The cumulative probability of exclusion and combined discrimination power were 0.9859 and 0.9999999999887, respectively, which indicated the 30 loci could be used as complementary genetic markers for paternity testing and were qualified for personal identification in forensic cases. We found the studied Bai group had close relationships with Tibetan, Yi and Han groups from China by the population structure, principal component analysis, population differentiations, and phylogenetic reconstruction studies. Even so, for a better understanding of Bai ethnicity's genetic milieu, DNA genotyping at various genetic markers is necessary in future studies.
Highlights
As a new system of diallelic genetic marker, insertion/deletion (Indel) polymorphism, called DIP, has recently been used in forensic sciences and population genetic studies
We found the studied Bai group had close relationships with Tibetan, Yi and Han groups from China by the population structure, principal component analysis, population differentiations, and phylogenetic reconstruction studies
The allele frequencies and forensic statistical parameters of the 30 Indel loci in Chinese Bai ethnic group were exhibited in Table 1, and the detailed Indel genotypes were shown in Supplementary Table 1
Summary
As a new system of diallelic genetic marker, insertion/deletion (Indel) polymorphism, called DIP, has recently been used in forensic sciences and population genetic studies. Indels have low mutation rates [1, 2]. The genotyping method of Indels is similar to that of STRs comprising polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and capillary electrophoresis (CE) and achieved in forensic biology laboratories. In our www.impactjournals.com/oncotarget study, InDels are diallelic markers which show 2 different alleles (+ or -), the number of InDel alleles is much less than those of STRs (for instance, D5S818 locus, allele 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14). The forensic parameters of InDels, like discrimination power (DP), are lower than those of STRs with the calculation n formula, DP
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