Abstract
This study was conducted in order to obtain information on genetic variation in populations rated as superior cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) varieties in Balittas Malang, Indonesia. The samples used 10 varieties of cotton Kanesia series and 2 other superior varieties that are LRA 5166 and ISA 205A. Indicators of genetic diversity are the number of alleles per locus, allele frequencies, and heterozygosity values. DNA was isolated from the leaves of 3- week-old seedlings using the CTAB method. Amplification was performed using 5 SSRs primer pairs of the JESPR series. The results showed five microsatellite loci, yielding 12 alleles with a size range of 80–500 bp, with an average number of alleles per locus of 4.60. The average values of heterozygosity of the five loci was high, at 0.71. Based on the number of alleles, allele frequencies and heterozygosity values, the genetic variation sampled in the superior cotton varieties studied here is quite high.
Highlights
Cotton fiber from the cotton plant (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is the raw material of the textile industry
Cotton breeding programs in Indonesia are conventional, i.e., by selection or crossing based on the superior properties that can be observed through morphological markers
This study aims to analyze the genetic variation in 12 varieties of cotton that have shown superior performance in Balittas Malang by using microsatellite markers
Summary
Cotton fiber from the cotton plant (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is the raw material of the textile industry. 49% of world demand for fiber is fulfilled by cotton, the remainder of synthetic fibers (3438%), rayon (8-10%), and wool (4-6%).[1] Requirements for cotton fiber in Indonesia reached 365,000-00,000 tons per year, yet domestic cotton production is only about 2,000 tons per year, 0.4% of the national cotton demand.[1] the remaining demand is derived from imports.[2,3]. Cotton breeding programs in Indonesia are conventional, i.e., by selection or crossing based on the superior properties that can be observed through morphological markers. In the national cotton development program at this time, the threat of rapid genetic degradation occurring in the varieties used is very real, resulting in decreased levels of productivity, so that a program to more rapidly improve cotton varieties should be commenced.[4] Information on the available genetic diversity is needed in the breeding process. Genetic diversity can be analyzed based on morphological and molecular markers; due to the many shortcomings of morphological markers, in recent years’ molecular markers such as microsatellites have become more and more widely used
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