Abstract
Nonpolio acute flaccid paralysis is increasing in India. To determine viral causes, we conducted cell culture and molecular analysis identification of nonpolio human enteroviruses associated with acute flaccid paralysis during March–August 2010 in northern India. The predominant nonpolio enterovirus found was echovirus 13, a serotype rarely isolated in India.
Highlights
Disease onsetPhylogenetic analysis indicated the existence of 2 different Uttar Pradesh echovirus 13 (E13) clades in the neighborjoining tree (Figure)
Nonpolio acute flaccid paralysis is increasing in India
Since 1998, we have been actively involved in polio surveillance and passively reporting nonpolio human enteroviruses (HEVs) activity in Uttar Pradesh State, northern India
Summary
Phylogenetic analysis indicated the existence of 2 different Uttar Pradesh E13 clades in the neighborjoining tree (Figure). Partial VP1 sequences of Uttar Pradesh E13 clade A shared 96.5%– 100% nt identity (100% aa identity) with one another. Uttar Pradesh E13 clade D shared 73%–76% nt identity (90.1%–93.5% aa identity) with clades A, B, and C. Variation exists among the partial VP1 sequences of E13 strains from India, the E13 clades A, B, and C appear to be closely related to earlier India isolates (2007 and 2008) followed by the isolates from Pakistan (2009), Bangladesh (2000), and the Republic of Georgia (2004). The E13 D clade was genetically more distant and grouped together with year 2000 strains from India and Bangladesh (isolated in 1999), and 1 isolate from Georgia (isolated in 2004)
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