Abstract
<p><strong>Background:</strong> Capsaicinoids are exclusive of the genus <em>Capsicum</em> and are responsible for fruit pungency. The genetic basis of pungency is not yet fully understood, although several candidate genes have been analyzed including the Pungent gene (<em>Pun1</em>). <strong>Objective: </strong>The main aim of this study was to identify the <em>Pun1</em> in some pungent samples of <em>Capsicum annuum</em> of Northern Mexico adapted to conditions of high temperature and analyze the variability of polymorphisms in the gene. <strong>Methodology:</strong> The coding sequence of the <em>Pun1</em> gene was analyzed by Polymerase Chain Reaction and Restriction Fragment Length. <strong>Results: </strong>The <em>Pun1</em> gene showed highly variable patterns; the variable regions were sequenced, and we found 19 single nucleotide polymorphisms in the first exon and 7 in the intron, some polymorphisms generated amino acid changes; while that of Chiltepin cultivar showed more than one sequence. <strong>Implications:</strong> The protein homology model suggests that these polymorphisms could affect their functionality. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> All the pungent cultivars of Mexican <em>C. annuum</em> analyzed were positive to <em>Pun1</em> gene and have a high variety of polymorphisms, this study provides evidence of the high variability that exists in the <em>Pun1</em> gene responsible for pungency and could allow the selection of pungent variants to obtain a greater quantity of capsaicinoids for different applications.</p>
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