Genetic Variability, Insect and Disease Resistance of some Promising Rice Genotypes

Abstract

An investigation was carried out during 2019 and 2020 at Farm of Sakha Agricultural Station, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt to study the genetic variation, heritability, genetic advance, correlation coefficient and evaluation the infestation by insects and diseases for fifteen rice genotypes. The results showed that Sakha 108, Giza 178, GZ10590-1-3-3-2, GZ10848-1-2-2-1 and Korea 27 yielded more than 10 t/ha compared to GZ10333-9-1-1-3 and GZ10778-17-1-6-1 that yielded 8.89 and 8.74 t/ha, respectively. Most of rice genotypes had good desirable values of milling%, except Korea 27 and GZ10686-2-1-3-4 that recorded 69.33 and 69.83%, respectively. The phenotypic variance was higher than genotypic coefficient of variance for all studied traits. The highest phenotypic and genotypic variances were observed in number of filled grains panicle-1. The phenotypic coefficient of variability averaged 0.99 % for hulling % and 19.35% for grain yield. Similarly, the genotypic coefficient of variability averaged 0.44% for hulling % and 19.24% for grain yield. Heritability in broad sense was high for most of studied characters expect hulling percentage. The genotype, Korea 27, GZ10590-1-3-3-2, GZ10778-17-1-6-1 and GZ10848-1-2-2-1 were recorded the highest values of dead hearts and white heads. Eighteen Pyricularia oryzae isolates were identified as four race-groups. Under artificial and natural inoculation with P. oryzae, Giza177, Giza178, Sakha108, GZ10598-9-1-5-5, GZ10101-5-1-1-1 and GZ10848-1-2-2-1 reflected a high level of resistance to rice blast, while for brown spot GZ10333-9-1-1-3, Korea 27, GZ10590-1-1-3-9-1 and GZ10590-1-3-3-2,for white tip nematode resistance were Korea 27, GZ10598-9-1-5-5.GZ10590-1-1-3-9-1 and GZ10590-1-3-3-2. Therefore, they could be utilized as donors for disease resistance in breeding programs.