Abstract
One of the main reasons for oilseed rape breeding is to improve the quality and composition of seeds by increasing fat and protein content, and to reduce dietary fibre. We attempted to obtain such varieties by crossing two DH lines of winter oilseed rape of different origin, H2-26 and Z-114, which have black and yellow seeds, respectively. The cross was followed by in vitro androgenesis, resulting in a population of 44 DH lines that were studied in a field experiment over two seasons. The following characters of the resulting seeds were analysed: fat, protein, neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre, glucosinolate content and seed colour. The main objective was to check the variability of the DH lines obtained from F1 hybrid black- and yellow-seeded oilseed rape. The range of variability of the DH lines significantly exceeded the range of variability of the parental lines for all traits. These experiments showed that by choosing the appropriate parental genotypes of oilseed rape it is possible to break the negative correlation between protein and fat content. The high level of heritability of traits related to seed quality raises the possibility of improving breeding lines through selection based on phenotype.
Highlights
Growing demand for oilseed rape (Brassica napus L. var. oleifera) exerts a permanent pressure on breeders to improve seed yield and quality
A total of 44 doubled haploid (DH) lines and their parental lines H2-26 and Z-114 were studied in a field experiment over two seasons
We found three DH lines with negative transgression for neutral detergent fibre (NDF) content and one DH line for acid detergent fibre (ADF) content
Summary
Growing demand for oilseed rape (Brassica napus L. var. oleifera) exerts a permanent pressure on breeders to improve seed yield and quality. The main selection goals in oilseed rape breeding have remained unchanged for several years and include increasing productivity, obtaining oil with a different composition of fatty acids depending on the intended use of oil and increasing the quality of oilseed rape meal These goals can, in part, be achieved by improving the chemical composition of oilseed rape seeds, which consist mainly of lipids (37–50%) and proteins (15–26%) as well as carbohydrates, lignins, ash and secondary metabolites (e.g., phenolic compounds) [1,2]. An important by-product of canola oil extraction is oilseed rape meal—a very rich raw material that contains up to 50% protein on a dry weight basis [3]. It is rich in calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and zinc. The nutritional value of both the expeller and the post-extraction meal of oilseed rape is limited by its high fibre content, which results in the low digestibility of the feed
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