Genetic Variability, Heritability and Correlation Coefficient in Production Traits of Pea (<i>Pisum sativum</i> L.) Genotypes

Abstract

An experiment was carried out to measure variability, heritability, genetic advance and correlation coefficient for yield and yield related traits in ten Pea (<i>Pisum sativum</i> L.) genotypes at Tarnab-Peshawar, during cropping season 2016-17. To identify the best genotypes for further breeding these genotypes were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications. All genotypes were grown in 3m long ridges, which were kept 60cm apart where plant to plant distance was 30cm. To reduce experimental error, cultural practices were performed uniformly for all genotypes. Data was collected from ten randomly selected plants from each genotype in each replication. Highly significant (p ≤ 0.01) differences were observed for days to 50% flowering, plant height, primary branches plant^-1, days to maturity, pods plant^-1, pod length, fresh pod shelling percentage, 100-seeds fresh and dry weight, seeds pod^-1 and seed yield plant^-1. Among genotypes Sultan was best for 50% flowering (50.38), days to maturity (122.08) and fresh pod shelling percentage (65.29%). Genotype PL-4 had maximum plant height (142.08 cm), pods plant^-1 (39.96) and seed yield plant^-1 (52.04 g). Anmol had maximum 100-seed fresh (43.90 g) and dry (21.29 g) weight. Genotype Sarsabz had maximum primary branches plant^-1 whereas Adventa Selection had maximum pod length (8.86 cm) and seeds pod^-1 (6.26). The estimates of heritability and genetic advance were high for days to 50% flowering (0.99, 35.38%), plant height (0.95, 46.88%) and seed yield plant^-1 (0.97, 62.47%). High heritability with moderate genetic advance were observed for days to maturity (0.97, 20.20%), pod length (0.95, 15.37%) fresh pod shelling percentage (0.82, 21.58%), 100-seed fresh (0.90, 29.52%) and dry weight (0.93, 22.68%). Significant and positive phenotypic coefficient of correlation was exhibited by seed yield plant^-1 with plant height (r_p = 0.64), days to 50% flowering (r_p= 0.63), days to maturity (r_p = 0.78), pods plant^-1 (r_p = 0.72), pod length (r_p = 0.66), fresh pod shelling percentage (r_p = 0.64), 100-seed fresh weight (r_p = 0.65) and 100-seed dry weight (r_p = 0.62). Significant and positive genotypic coefficient of correlation was exhibited by seed yield plant^-1 with plant height (r_g= 0.81), days to maturity (r_g= 0.70) and pods plant^-1 (r_g= 0.84). Among tested genotypes Sultan, PL-4, Anmol and Sarsabz performed better, therefore could be used in future breeding programs.