Abstract
Rice species (<i>Oryza sativa, L</i>. and <i>Oryza glaberrima, Steud</i>) provide 20% energy of world’s food. Knowledge of genetic variability is important to remove duplicate materials for gene bank management and conservation. In this study, 59 microsatellite markers were used to assess the genetic diversity of 54 intraspecific (<i>Oryza sativa</i>) and interspecific (<i>Oryza sativa X Oryza glaberrima</i>) irrigated rice varieties by PCR-SSR. A total of 250 alleles were detected with an average of 4.24 alleles per SSR. Genetic diversity was ranged from 0.0713 (RM333, RM3744) to 0.8937 (RM251) to with an average of 0.4325. Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) varied from 0.0688 (RM333, RM3744) to 0.8854 (RM251) with an average of 0.3940. Rice genotypes were shared between five Groups based on their similarity with majority of them (64.81%) under Group V. Variety SK 7-8 within Group III was highly dissimilar to other varieties. Malian varieties were shared out between Groups II, III, VI and V. Strong genetic variability was observed within cluster V2 of Group V among the most cultivated and appreciated rice varieties such as Kogoni 91-1, Adny11 and BG90-2. Allelic variability observed among rice varieties could help breeding programs to identify cultivars with good agronomic traits for crop improvement.
Highlights
Rice, species (Oryza sativa, L. and Oryza glaberrima, Steud) belonging to the family Graminae and subfamily Oryzoidea, is the staple food crop for one third of the world’s population and occupies almost one-fifth of the total land area covered under cereals [1] and constitute one of the most calories sources in Africa [2]
The objective of this study is to reveal the genetic relationship between 54 irrigated rice varieties based on phylogenetic tree through 59 SSR markers
High genetic variability was observed between Irrigated rice genotypes
Summary
Species (Oryza sativa, L. and Oryza glaberrima, Steud) belonging to the family Graminae and subfamily Oryzoidea, is the staple food crop for one third of the world’s population and occupies almost one-fifth of the total land area covered under cereals [1] and constitute one of the most calories sources in Africa [2]. Rice benefits a high genetic diversity [2] with more than 150 000 cultivated varieties worldwide and approximately 107 000 accessions kept within the gene bank of the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) [4]. This diversity is based on natural or artificial crosses of Oryza sativa with wild species Oryza rufipogon, Oryza sativa (intra crosses) and Oryza glaberrima (inter crosses) [4; 5]. Since the beginning of rice cultivation in hydro-agricultural areas conditions, indica group is used in Malian breeding program to create irrigated rice varieties [8] related to yield, grain quality and earliness [9]. Genetic diversity in plants has been traditionally assessed using morphological or physiological
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