Abstract
The Experiment was conducted at Mechara Agricultural Research Center on station and Miesso sub-site during 2017 cropping season. The objective was to estimate the Phenotypic and genotypic variability among released sorghum varieties. Data was collected and analyzed based on eight traits like: Days to flowering(days), Days to maturity(days), Grain filling period(days), Grain filling rate(%), Head weight(gram), Hundred seed weight(gram), Stand count at harvest(number) and Grain yield(ton/ha). These traits and variances were recorded on 22 genotypes of sorghum. Results of statistical analysis showed that all traits had higher phenotypic variance and phenotypic coefficient of variation than genotypic variance and genotypic coefficient of variation, which indicated the influence of environment was least, and can be exploited in breeding programs. The genotypes exhibited varying degrees ratios of heritability for most traits. Such traits were responded positively to selection due to high broad sense heritability estimates. These data demonstrated high diversity for the traits studied of genotypes used and finally Baji and Birmash was recommended for further demonstration on farmer’s field. Keywords: GCV, PCV, Sorghum, Variability, Yield. DOI : 10.7176/JNSR/9-1-05
Highlights
IntroductionHeritability is measure of the phenotypic variance attributable to genetic causes and has predictive function in plant breeding
Genetic variability for agronomic traits is a key component of breeding programs for broadening the gene pool of crops (Ramirez and Kelly, 1998)
Individual and the combined analysis indicated that most traits had higher genotypic and phenotypic variance components than the environmental variance estimates, which is indicative that traits expression in this sorghum population was genetic and can be exploited in breeding programs (Xu et al, 2000)
Summary
Heritability is measure of the phenotypic variance attributable to genetic causes and has predictive function in plant breeding. Falconer and Mackay, (1997) reported that the most important function of heritability in genetic studies of quantitative traits is its predictive role to indicate the reliability of phenotypic value as guide to breeding value. Tadesse et al (2011) indicated that the most traits had relatively higher genotypic and phenotypic variance components and little difference between PCV and indicating their variation has a genetic origin can be exploited for further breeding programs. Individual and the combined analysis indicated that most traits had higher genotypic and phenotypic variance components than the environmental variance estimates, which is indicative that traits expression in this sorghum population was genetic and can be exploited in breeding programs (Xu et al, 2000). Evaluation of components of variation and heritability for many traits will be facilitate improvement of crops, such as sorghum the objectives were to evaluate the variation in genetic morphology and genetic- physiology traits in order to improve the yield of sorghum plants
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