Genetic tools for the development of recombinant lactic acid bacteria

Jiapeng Wu,Tingting Guo,Jian Kong,Yongping Xin

doi:10.1186/s12934-021-01607-1

Jiapeng Wu, Tingting Guo + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/s12934-021-01607-1

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Journal: Microbial Cell Factories	Publication Date: Jun 19, 2021
Citations: 15	License type: open-access

Affiliation: Shandong University

Abstract

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are a phylogenetically diverse group with the ability to convert soluble carbohydrates into lactic acid. Many LAB have a long history of safe use in fermented foods and are recognized as food-grade microorganisms. LAB are also natural inhabitants of the human intestinal tract and have beneficial effects on health. Considering these properties, LAB have potential applications as biotherapeutic vehicles to delivery cytokines, antigens and other medicinal molecules. In this review, we summarize the development of, and advances in, genome manipulation techniques for engineering LAB and the expected future development of such genetic tools. These methods are crucial for us to maximize the value of LAB. We also discuss applications of the genome-editing tools in enhancing probiotic characteristics and therapeutic functionalities of LAB.

Highlights

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were unknowingly used as starters in fermented dairy products for thousands of years [1]
We review the technologies for manipulation of LAB genomes and their use to channel LAB as microbial cell factories and delivery vehicles for the treatment of various conditions
Emerging technologies are being developed in LAB, such as double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) or single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) recombineering and CRISPR–Cas systems, which greatly simplify the procedures of gene knock-out or knock-in in LAB chromosomes and improve the efficiency of generation of target mutants

Summary

Introduction

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were unknowingly used as starters in fermented dairy products for thousands of years [1]. A full set of technologies is required to manipulate LAB for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes, including but not limited to introducing DNA into LAB cells, and site-specific chromosomal mutations, deletions, stable integrations, and insertions.

Results

Conclusion