Abstract
In the present study, two methods for the identification of goatfishes using the cytochrome b gene fragment were developed. The first method is based on the phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences (forensically informative nucleotide sequencing), which allows the unequivocal identification of all goatfish species included in this study, while the second one is based on TaqMan probe RT-PCR technology for the authentication of Mullus barbatus and Mullus surmuletus. The methods were checked for the manufacturing process of food, reflecting that it had no influence on the identification of goatfishes. Both techniques can be applied depending on the laboratory equipment and allow the detection of fraudulent or unintentional mislabeling of these species. These tools are useful to clarify questions related to the correct labeling of commercial products and to verify the correct traceability in commercial trade and for fisheries control.
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