Abstract
Both genetic and non-genetic risk factors are thought to contribute to liability for, and the development of, schizophrenia. Genetic epidemiology consistently supports the involvement of genes in liability. Molecular genetic studies have made slow progress in identifying specific liability genes, but recent progress suggests that a number of specific genes contributing to risk have been identified. These collective results are complex and inconsistent with a single common DNA variant in any gene influencing risk across human populations. No specific genetic variant influencing risk has yet been unambiguously identified. Contemporary approaches hold great promise to further elucidate liability genes and their potential inter-relationship. In order to understand why researchers have come to these conclusions, we will review what is known about the genetic epidemiology and molecular genetics of schizophrenia in some detail. We will also consider how this field of study informs our understanding of the potential structure of non-genetic risk factors.
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