Abstract
The management of germplasm banks is complex, especially when many accessions are involved. Microsatellite markers are an efficient tool for assessing the genetic diversity of germplasm collections, optimizing their use in breeding programs. This study genetically characterizes a large collection of 410 grapevine accessions maintained at the Agronomic Institute of Campinas (IAC) (Brazil). The accessions were genotyped with 17 highly polymorphic microsatellite markers. Genetic data were analyzed to determine the genetic structure of the germplasm, quantify its allelic diversity, suggest the composition of a core collection, and discover cases of synonymy, duplication, and misnaming. A total of 304 alleles were obtained, and 334 unique genotypes were identified. The molecular profiles of 145 accessions were confirmed according to the literature and databases, and the molecular profiles of more than 100 genotypes were reported for the first time. The analysis of the genetic structure revealed different levels of stratification. The primary division was between accessions related to Vitis vinifera and V. labrusca, followed by their separation from wild grapevine. A core collection of 120 genotypes captured 100% of all detected alleles. The accessions selected for the core collection may be used in future phenotyping efforts, in genome association studies, and for conservation purposes. Genetic divergence among accessions has practical applications in grape breeding programs, as the choice of relatively divergent parents will maximize the frequency of progeny with superior characteristics. Together, our results can enhance the management of grapevine germplasm and guide the efficient exploitation of genetic diversity to facilitate the development of new grape cultivars for fresh fruits, wine, and rootstock.
Highlights
Grapevine (Vitis spp.) is considered to be a major fruit crop globally based on hectares cultivated and economic value [1]
We quantify the genetic diversity of this Brazilian germplasm and describe its genetic structure, and we suggest the composition of a core collection that would capture the maximum genetic diversity with a minimal sample size
Lamboy and Alpha (1998) [17], when analyzing the diversity of 110 accessions belonging to 21 species of Vitis and 4 hybrids, detected 24.4 alleles per locus, a greater quantity than that observed in this study, showing that taxonomically broader accessions contribute to a greater number of alleles
Summary
Grapevine (Vitis spp.) is considered to be a major fruit crop globally based on hectares cultivated and economic value [1]. Grapevines are exotic species in Brazil but have become increasingly important in national fruit agriculture in recent years, transitioning from exclusive cultivation in temperate zones to a great alternative in tropical regions. V. vinifera, cultivars stand out in terms of their economic importance, being the most commonly planted worldwide and characterized by having fruits of excellent quality with wide morphological and genetic diversity. They are widely used for the production of fresh fruits, dried fruits, and juice and in the global fine and sparkling wine industry [2]. Due to their relatively high robustness, they are resistant to many diseases that affect grapevine in the country, resulting in production of relatively high volume, of low quality, and have become dominant on Brazilian plantations [3, 4]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
