Abstract
The Southwestern Region of the Brazilian Amazon is formed by forests dominated by bamboos. The genus Guadua is endemic to the Americas, and little is known about the genetic diversity and structure of species of this genus. This study aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity and structure of two native Guadua species in natural populations in the Southwestern region of the Brazilian Amazon. Therefore, the genetic diversity and structure of Guadua aff. chaparensis and Guadua aff. lynnclarkiae were evaluated with the use of microsatellite molecular markers (SSR). It was verified that the average genetic diversity for the populations studied was considered high ( H ^ e =0.5) compared to other species of bamboo. All populations had rare and private alleles, and none of them presented significant values of inbreeding. The populations were divergent ( G ^ ST = 0.46), resulting in a low apparent gene flow. The Bayesian analysis showed that among the 350 individuals analyzed, five groups (K=5) were formed, with little similarity among the groups (Populations), although two of them presented clonal individuals. According to the results obtained, it can be conclude that populations should be treated as having unique characteristics, mainly when accessed for management and for in situ and ex situ conservation studies.
Highlights
Bamboo is a plant that belongs to the family Poaceae (Gramineae), subfamily Bambusoideae (Calderon & Soderstrorn 1980)
This study aims to evaluate the genetic diversity and structure of native species Guadua aff. chaparensis and G. aff. lynnclarkiae in natural populations in the southwestern region of the Brazilian Amazon, through the transferability of microsatellite loci (SSR) of genetically correlated species
This is the first study carried out with the aforementioned species in the southwestern Brazilian Amazon, and demonstrated that the microsatellite sequences developed for G. angustifolia, Oriza sativa, and Saccharum spp. used in this study were useful for accessing the genetic diversity of the species being studying (Table III)
Summary
Bamboo is a plant that belongs to the family Poaceae (Gramineae), subfamily Bambusoideae (Calderon & Soderstrorn 1980). It is predominantly tropical, perennial, renewable, fast growing, and has a high production of biomass. Bamboo has been used in several activities ranging from landscaping to construction (Paraskeva et al 2017) It is a source of raw material for food products for humans and animals, and is used in the recovery of degraded areas (Bhatt et al 2005, Moktan et al 2009). Several research groups have concentrated efforts on various aspects to establish the production chain of bamboo, aiming at the best use of the products and by-products of this crop (Rao & Sastry 1990, Azmy 1996, Diab & Mohaned 2008, Nirala et al 2017)
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