Abstract
Siirt is famous with its pomegranate which is called Zivzik and is an important livelihood of the region. Zivzik pomegranate is a variety registered in 2008 and geographic sign studies are currently underway. Due to the genetic diversity of Siirt region, there are different genotypes not registered there yet. This is the first study carried out to investigate relationship status of Zivzik ( Punica granatum L.) and Şirvan pomegranates by constructing the phylogenetic trees. 30 genotypes studied were numbered from 1 to 30 in our experiment. Four of 30 genotypes, which have different fruit characteristics from Zivzik variety, were included in the study. These four genotypes are called as Asili (Genotype 21), sour pomegranate (Genotype 22 and 23) and red pomegranate (Genotype 24). Neighbor Joining (NJ) and Bootstrap analysis were used to generate dendrogram showing the genetic relationship of Zivzik pomegranate, which is the most well-known genetic resource in Southeastern Anatolia region of Turkey. The phylogenetic tree of genotypes indicated that genotypes 9, 18, 21, 6, 24 and 7; genotypes 17, 13, 12, 4 and 3 and genotypes 5, 8, 20, 11, 19, 2 and 27 were substantially similar. Genotypes 29, 16 and 14, in terms of physiological properties, were located at the furthest position on the phylogenetic tree from the other genotypes. Keywords: Punica granatum L., ITS regions, phylogenetic tree, genetic diversity, molecular analysis. DOI : 10.7176/JBAH/9-20-03 Publication date :October 31 st 2019
Highlights
Pomegranate belongs to the genus Punica and is widely distributed in Mediterranean region, Asia, North Africa, Europe and Indian peninsula (Levin, 2006)
Phylogenetic Tree of the ITS Regions Single gene tree is sufficient to determine the molecular phylogeny of the varieties within the same species
The gDNA was amplified and a phylogenetic tree belonging to ITS regions was constructed
Summary
Pomegranate belongs to the genus Punica and is widely distributed in Mediterranean region, Asia, North Africa, Europe and Indian peninsula (Levin, 2006). The pomegranate is one of the oldest edible fruit species, cited in the Bible and the Qur'an and known to be cultivated back to the 3000-4000s (Chandra et al, 2010). The first traces of pomegranate cultivation were found in Transcaucasia-Caspian region and the northern regions of Turkey (Zohary, 1975; Harlan, 1992). Pomegranate is grown under diverse climatic conditions in subtropical and tropical regions of the world. Pomegranate is a shrub-shaped plant with length ranging from 2 to 5 meters (Ebcioğlu, 2003). The fruits consist of multi fleshy seeds which the color can change from dark-red to white. The fruits, containing high levels of potassium and carbohydrates, are classified as sweet, tart and sour
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