Abstract
Naked oat refers to a variety of Avena sativa with lemma and palea separating from the grains. Its spikelets are multiflorous and morphologically different from the husked oat. Problems with preharvest sprouting, threshability, rancidity, a wide range of kernel sizes, as well as its relatively low tolerance to limited soil water content, are its main drawbacks. Nevertheless it could be an alternative to a conventional oat. Unfortunately, its genetic variation is still poorly recognized. In the given study a set of 26 naked oat cultivars and lines were analyzed with 25 inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) primers that amplified as many as 429 DNA fragments among which 204 were polymorphic. The average number of markers amplified per primer pair and polymorphism information content (PIC) value equaled to eight and 0.23, respectively. Forty four unique PCR products were identified for different genotypes. While Unweighted Pair-Group Method with Arithmetic Mean failed to distinguish the materials into main clusters it demonstrated that cultivars ‘Akt’, ‘Polar’, ‘Cacko’, ‘Siwek’, ‘Nagus’ and most of the DC lines were within a single group. Moreover, the cultivars that were closely related based on their breeding pedigree (related to ‘Akt’) were close to each other. Principal Coordinate Analysis explained 54.1% of variance and was in good agreement with the UPGMA. ISSR markers could be used for the evaluation of genetic similarity of cultivars and lines as well as the differentiation of individual genotypes. This study demonstrated that the available A. sativa naked type genetic pool is relatively wide and have the potential for further breeding progress.
Highlights
Common oat is a cereal crop adapted to moderate climate, cultivated predominantly in temperate regions (Burrows, 1986)
Naked forms of A. sativa seem to show promise for feeding and food production, but little is known on genetic variability of available cultivars and lines and their distinctiveness
Among many molecular marker systems useful for such studies, the inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) approach has been used in wheat (Ammiraju et al, 2001), barley (Hou et al, 2005), maize (Carvalho et al, 2002) and rice (Bao et al, 2006; Qian et al, 2001)
Summary
Common oat is a cereal crop adapted to moderate climate, cultivated predominantly in temperate regions (Burrows, 1986). It is used for forage, feed and food production. Varieties of cultivated oat belong to Avena sativa ssp. High quality groat with excellent fat and amino acid composition and husk having an energy yield like that of straw determines the nutritional value of conventional, covered oat. The yield of total energy is weaker in oat than in case of other cereals. The cultivation and use of oat is behind other plants rich in energy (Kirkkari, 2008). Husks comprise mainly of cell wall (> 83%) with nearly equal quantities of cellulose and hemicellulose (30-35%) (Welch et al, 1983)
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