Genetic Similarity and Variation in the Cultured and Wild Crucian Carp (Carassius carassius) Estimated with Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA

Jong-Man Yoon,Hong-Yang Park

doi:10.5713/ajas.2002.470

Abstract

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis based on numerous polymorphic bands have been used to investigate genetic similarity and diversity among and within two cultured and wild populations represented by the species crucian carp (Carassius carassius). From RAPD analysis using five primers, a total of 442 polymorphic bands were obtained in the two populations and 273 were found to be specific to a wild population. 169 polymorphic bands were also produced in wild and cultured population. According to RAPD-based estimates, the average number of polymorphic bands in the wild population was approximately 1.5 times as diverse as that in cultured. The average number of polymorphic bands in each population was found to be different and was higher in the wild than in the cultured population. Comparison of banding patterns in the cultured and wild populations revealed substantial differences supporting a previous assessment that the populations may have been subjected to a long period of geographical isolation from each other. The values in wild population altered from 0.21 to 0.51 as calculated by bandsharing analysis. Also, the average level of bandsharing values was 0.40±0.05 in the wild population, compared to 0.69±0.08 in the cultured. With reference to bandsharing values and banding patterns, the wild population was considerably more diverse than the cultured. Knowledge of the genetic diversity of crucian carp could help in formulating more effective strategies for managing this aquacultural fish species and also in evaluating the potential genetic effects induced by hatchery operations. (Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2002. Vol 15, No. 4 : 470-476)

Highlights

Isozyme electrophoresis (Smith et al, 1997; Cagigas et al, 1999), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) (Hallerman and Bekmann, 1988) and microsatellites (Huang et al, 2000) etc. have been so far used to analyze genetic similarity and diversity in genetics and breeding research of fish/invertebrates
Microsatellite DNA variation was investigated in wild populations and farmed strains of turbot (Coughlan et al, 1998) or Chinese pig (Li et al, 2000) from various sites
The purpose of this study was to determine the genetic population structure based on genetic similarity and diversity by Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), and to look into the utility of random amplified polymorphic DNA in further studies of two crucian carp populations

Summary

Introduction

Isozyme electrophoresis (Smith et al, 1997; Cagigas et al, 1999), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) (Hallerman and Bekmann, 1988) and microsatellites (Huang et al, 2000) etc. have been so far used to analyze genetic similarity and diversity in genetics and breeding research of fish/invertebrates. Molecular markers from random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) have recently been used to evaluate genetic diversity and/or similarity in several organisms (Cagigas et al, 1999; Bartish et al, 2000; Huang et al, 2000; Lumaret al., 2000; Mohd-Azmi et al, 2000; Hwang et al, 2001). Microsatellite DNA variation was investigated in wild populations and farmed strains of turbot (Coughlan et al., 1998) or Chinese pig (Li et al, 2000) from various sites. Except for a few studies using RAPD methods (Coughlan et al, 1998; Cagigas et al, 1999), most of these studies were investigated by techniques other than RAPD. Many genetic techniques have been applied in fish species other

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Conclusion