Genetic resources are the base for improving the assortment of sweet cherry and large fruit cherry plum

Valentina Gorina,Janna Sokolovskaya,Leonid Chernen’Ky,Lyubov Lukicheva,Aleksander Grigoriev,S Knyazev,O Loretts,M Tsoy,O Panfilova,V Kukhar

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202125401023

Abstract

The article presents the results of research on the genetic resources of sweet cherry and cherry plum in the Nikita Botanical Gardens - National Scientific Center. Cultivars which are the sources and donors of valuable economical and biological traits: late flowering, its duration, winter hardiness, drought resistance, large-fruited, very early and very late ripening and fruit taste, resistance to cracking in sweet cherry fruits have been identified. In order to create highly productive cultivars and breeding forms resistant to abiotic factors, sources of valuable traits from genetic collections were used, which significantly increased the efficiency of the breeding process. The gene pool includes more than 300 sweet cherry genotypes and more than 400 cherry plums. New promising cultivars have been identified. They allow updating the conveyor for obtaining high-quality fruits in the southern zone of horticulture. Ten cultivars of sweet cherry: Uslada, Prizerka, Vesnyany Naspivy, Pikovaya Dama, Kutuzovka, Chernokrymka, Vitivnitsa, Znatnaya, Zarya Vostoka, Karadag and six cultivars of cherry plum: Andromeda, Desertnaya Rannaya, Obil’naya, Femida, Rumyanaya Zor’ka have been included in the State register of breeding in the Crimea and southern Russia. Four sweet cherry cultivars: Kudesnitsa, Ocharovanie, Triumf, Dolgojdannaya and one cherry plum cultivar: Feeriya, are undergoing a state test. Five new cultivars of sweet cherry and three cultivars of cherry plum, which surpass the zoned cultivars in a complex of valuable biological and economical characteristics, have been originated. The patents were received on these cultivars. A number of elite breeding forms of sweet cherry and cherry plum, which have a number of advantages over existing cultivars, have been originated.

Highlights

Fruits are important for keeping and strengthening of mens health
In many countries all over the world and in Russia as well, people are not provided with the required amount of fruits
To increase the productivity and adaptability of fruit crops, an important element is the search for sources and donors with a complex of economically valuable traits combined in one genotype, their inclusion in the breeding process and the creation of new cultivars

Summary

Introduction

Fruits are important for keeping and strengthening of mens health. The main task is to create and set up production of high yield cultivars of fruit crops, adapted to a wide range of unfavorable weather and pathogenic factors, characterized by high quality fruits and their balanced chemical composition. To increase the productivity and adaptability of fruit crops, an important element is the search for sources and donors with a complex of economically valuable traits combined in one genotype, their inclusion in the breeding process and the creation of new cultivars

Methods

Results

Conclusion