Abstract
Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker was used to assess genetic diversity and inter-specific relationships among nine taxa of Calliandra (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae) grown in Indian gardens. DNA from leaf sample was isolated and RAPD analysis was performed using 22 primers. The genetic similarities were analyzed from the dendrogram constructed by the RAPD data using a similarity index which supported the segregation of the nine taxa of the genus into two groups; the sect. Androcallis with seven taxa, viz. C. haematocephala, C. haematocephala var. alba, C. surinamensis, C. tweedii, C. tergemina var. emarginata and C. selloi and sect. Calliandra having two species namely, C. inermis and C. calothyrsus. The intra-generic classification and phylogeny inferred from molecular markers supported the traditional classification of the genus based on morphological characters at the level of sections and series except in case of C. selloi (C. brevipes) which did not show much genetic similarity with C. tweedii and C. surinamensis; all the three species being members of the sect. Androcallis series Androcallis.
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