Genetic relationship between koi herpesvirus disease resistance and production traits inferred from sibling performance in Amur mirror carp

Abstract

Koi herpesvirus disease (KHVD) is currently the most serious threat to global carp farming. Prevention is a sensible strategy for tackling this disease and improved genetic resistance of carp strains is a desirable breeding goal. To study the potential for multitrait selection, the objective of the current study was to estimate the genetic correlations between KHVD resistance and production traits in Amur mirror carp. A total of 1500 fingerlings from four factorial crosses of five dams and ten sires were challenged with Koi herpesvirus (KHV). Juvenile growth-related traits were collected on the same individuals before the challenge test. Production traits were measured on siblings of the challenged population at different life stages (yearling to market size). The estimated heritability for resistance to KHVD was 0.43 ± 0.08 on the observed scale and 0.72 ± 0.13 on the underlying liability scale. Most genetic correlations between KHVD resistance and important production traits were insignificant, showing that selection for improved production traits would not increase susceptibility to KHV and vice versa. However, resistance to KHVD was negatively correlated with Fulton's condition factor (FC) after the second overwintering and relative head length (RHL), relative body height (RBH) and relative body width (RBW) from the second growing season to the market size, with a more prolonged body shape of Amur mirror carp (genes from Amur wild scaly carp, Cyprinus rubrofuscus) being associated with higher KHVD resistance. Intermediate favorable genetic correlations between KHVD resistance and log-log residuals of headless carcass yield (0.37 ± 0.14) and fillet yield (0.44 ± 0.13) at market size suggested that selection for improved yields of edible body parts might indirectly lead to a slight improvement in KHVD resistance and vice versa.