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Abstract
Microsatellite polymorphism and the genetic relationship were estimated using genotype information of 305 horses from 11 microsatellite loci. The breeds include the indigenous Korean breeds, Korean native horse (102) and Jeju racing horse (56) together with Japan Hokkaido horse (5), Mongolian horse (19), Thoroughbred horse (108), Quarter horse (11) and Przewalskii horse (4). Allelic frequencies, the number of alleles per locus were estimated by direct counting from observed genotype, and genetic variability was computed using the CERVUX software and DISPAN. The number of alleles per locus varied from 6 (HMS6) to 18 (ASB17) with an average value of 10.45 in horse breeds. The expected total heterozygosity (HT) and coefficient of gene differentiation (GST) ranged 0.764-0.921 (the average value was 0.830) and 0.102-0.266 (the average value was 0.180) in horse breeds, respectively. Four populations (Przewalskii horse, Japan Hokkaido horse, Quarter horse, Thoroughbred horse) showed lower heterozygosity than the average value (the average value was 0.710). The expected heterozygosity within breed (HS) and mean no. of observed alleles ranged from 0.636±0.064 (Japan Hokkaido horse) to 0.809±0.019 (Mongolian horse), and from 2.73 (Przewalskii horse) to 8.27 (Korean native horse), respectively. The polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.490 (Przewalskii horse) to 0.761 (Mongolian horse) with an average value of 0.637 in horse breeds. The results showed three distinct clusters with high bootstrap support: the Korean native horse cluster (Korean native horse, Mongolian horse), the European cluster (Przewalskii horse, Thoroughbred horse), and other horse cluster (Jeju racing horse, Japan Hokkaido horse, and Quarter horse). A relatively high bootstrap value was observed for the Korean native horse cluster and European cluster (87%), and the Korean native horse and Mongolian horse (82%). Microsatellite polymorphism data were shown to be useful for estimating the genetic relationship between Korean native horse and other horse breeds, and also be applied for parentage testing in those horse breeds. (Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2006. Vol 19, No. 6 : 784-788)
Highlights
The Korean native horse is one of the Korean native animals which was designated as a natural monument No 347 on February 1985, by government (Cho et al, 2001)
Microsatellite polymorphism hair roots samples, which were collected from 305 individuals of seven horse populations: Thoroughbred horse (n = 108), Korean native horse (n = 102), Jeju racing horse (n = 56), Quarter horse (n = 11), Mongolian horse (n = 19), Przewalskii horse (n = 4) and Japan Hokkaido horse (n = 6)
Jeju racing horse raised in Jeju island is a crossbreed horse between Korean native horse and Thoroughbred horse
Summary
The Korean native horse is one of the Korean native animals which was designated as a natural monument No 347 on February 1985, by government (Cho et al, 2001). Korean native horses are raised about 450 herds which were finished the pedigree registration. It has been insulated from other horse populations, and partly has been used racing horse in Jeju race course of Korea Racing Association. Jeju racing horses including the Korean native horse are raised about 8,000 herds in Korea, and used for racing, horseback riding and meat. There is, no further information is available for genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of Korean native breeds using microsatellites in Korea. The present work was carried out to characterize genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship among horse breeds including the Korean native horse based on allelic frequencies for eleven microsatellite loci
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