Abstract
AimX-chromosomal short tandem repeat (X-STR) loci are playing an increasingly important role in some complex kinship cases in recent years. To investigate the forensic efficiency of X-STRs of Mongolian minority group from Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, and further depict the genetic relationship among Xinjiang Mongolians and other populations, 267 blood samples from unrelated healthy Xinjiang Mongolians were amplified by an AGCU X-19 STR kit.ResultsNo deviations for all 19 X-STR loci were observed from the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium after Bonferroni correction (p > 0.0026) in female samples. The most frequent allele was allele 10 at locus DXS10164 with the frequency 0.5663. The polymorphism information content values of the 19 X-STR loci were more than 0.5 with the highest polymorphism at the locus DXS10135. The cumulative power of discrimination were 0.99999999999999999999988761005481 in females and 0.999999999999903 in males, respectively; and the cumulative mean exclusion chances were 0.9999999969738068321121 in duos and 0.999999999998952 in trios, respectively. The seven linkage groups were extremely informative, with all the haplotype diversities greater than 0.9487. No linkage disequilibrium was observed for a significance level of 0.00029 (p = 0.05/171) after Bonferroni correction. The DA distances, multidimensional scaling plot and phylogenetic tree based on the 11 overlapping X-STR loci all presented that the Xinjiang Mongolian population was genetically different from other Asian populations, including the Mongolian population from Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China.ConclusionThis study indicated that the 19 X-STR multiplex PCR system was of high utility value for both forensic practices and population genetic research in Xinjiang Mongolian group.
Highlights
As one of the most famous nomadic nations in the world, the Mongols mainly live in East-Central Asian
There were no significant differences in the allele frequency distributions between males and females by the results of One-Way analysis of variance (ANOVA) (p > 0.05/19 = 0.0026), which indicated that the allele frequency distributions of all the 19 X-chromosomal short tandem repeat (X-STR) loci had no gender bias
Results of this study showed that the 19 X-STR multiplex PCR system was very useful for forensic applications and population genetic researches in Xinjiang Mongolian population
Summary
As one of the most famous nomadic nations in the world, the Mongols mainly live in East-Central Asian. With a population of 5.8 million people, Mongolian was the eighth largest ethnic minority on Chinese population data according to the sixth China population census in 2010 (http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/pcsj/rkpc/6rp/indexch.htm). Their indigenous dialects are known as the Mongolian language, which belongs to Altaic language family. Based on Chinese historical texts, the ancestry of Mongolians can be traced back to Donghu, a nomadic confederation of tribes with same ethnic origin, different dialects and names. As recorded in the Chinese history, Xianbei split into three prominent groups: the Rouran, the Khitan and the Shiwei. In the 13th century, Genghis Khan united a large group of Mongolic-speaking tribes and founded the Mongol Empire. Sixty percent Mongolians in the world settled in China (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongols)
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