Abstract
Trying to obtain information relevant to the genetic improvement of rice, the aim of research was to estimate genetic parameters and identify agronomic characters directly and indirectly correlated with the grain yield of ten cultivars of upland rice. The experiment was conducted in the municipality of Aquidauna-MS, region of transition among the Savanna and Pantanal biomes. The experimental design was a randomized block with three replications. Treatments consisted of ten genotypes (BRS Aimore, BRS Coringa, BRS Pepita, BRS Bonanca, BRS Talento, BRS Maravilha, BRS Primavera, BRS Caiapo, BRS Monarca and BRS Aroma). The following variables were measured: days to flowering and maturity, plant height, number of stems and panicles, thousand grains mass and grain yield. It was determined the following genetic parameters: environmental, phenotypic and genotypic variances; coefficients of experimental and genotypic variation; heritability; b quotient; environmental, phenotypic and genetic correlations. Phenotypic correlations among traits and grain yield (principal dependent variable) were unfolded in direct and indirect effects. The population under study proved to be promising for improvement based on the traits plant height, days to flowering, thousand grains mass and grain yield. Plant height, number of panicles and thousand grains mass directly influence the yield, being recommended for direct selection of superior genotypes.
Highlights
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most cultivated cereal in the world, with production of 720 million tons and mean yield of 4,410 kg ha-1 in the 2011/2012 harvest (FAO, 2012), having great social and economic importance for the Brazilian population (ALVAREZ et al, 2012; NASCENTE et al 2011)
Study on genetic control of agronomic traits and heritage through genetic parameter estimates of a population allows inferring about its genetic variability and which can be expected of gain with the selection (FURTADO et al, 2002; CRUZ; CARNEIRO, 2003)
It is essential the knowledge of correlations among grain yield components, since when selection is based on a trait, changes may occur in other traits of agronomic importance (SANTOS; VENCOVSKI, 1986)
Summary
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most cultivated cereal in the world, with production of 720 million tons and mean yield of 4,410 kg ha-1 in the 2011/2012 harvest (FAO, 2012), having great social and economic importance for the Brazilian population (ALVAREZ et al, 2012; NASCENTE et al 2011). Study on genetic control of agronomic traits and heritage through genetic parameter estimates of a population allows inferring about its genetic variability and which can be expected of gain with the selection (FURTADO et al, 2002; CRUZ; CARNEIRO, 2003). It is essential the knowledge of correlations among grain yield components, since when selection is based on a trait, changes may occur in other traits of agronomic importance (SANTOS; VENCOVSKI, 1986). This occurs because these correlations do not determine the relative importance of direct and indirect effects of the traits that make up grain yield (FURTADO et al, 2002; LYNCH; WALSH, 1998)
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