Abstract
BackgroundThe deafness-associated gene mutation profile varies greatly among regions and races. Due to the multi-ethnic coalition of over one thousand years, non-syndromic deafness (NSD) patients of Uyghur ethnicity may exhibit a unique deafness-associated gene mutation spectrum as compared to Han Chinese deaf population.MethodsIn order to characterize nine loci of four deafness-associated genes of Uyghur NSD patients in comparison with Chinese Han deaf population, NSD patients (n = 350) were enrolled, including Uyghur (n = 199) and Han Chinese (n = 151). Following the history taking, blood samples were collected for DNA extraction. DNA microarray was performed on nine loci of four deafness-associated genes, including 35delG, 176-191del16, 235delC, 299-300delAT, 538C > T, 1555A > G, 1494C > T, 2168A > G, and IVS7-2A > G. The samples that showed the absence of both wild and mutant probe signals were tested for further DNA sequencing analysis.ResultsThe mutations in the nine loci of prevalent deafness-associated genes were detected in 13.06% of Uyghur NSD patients and 32.45% of Han Chinese patients (P < 0.05), respectively. GJB2 mutation was detected in 9.05% of Uyghur patients and 16.56% of Han Chinese patients (P > 0.05), respectively. 235delC was the hotspot mutation region in NSD patients of the two ethnicities, whereas 35delG was the mutation hotspot in Uyghur patients. 187delG mutation was detected for the first time in Uyghur NSD patients and considered as an unreported pathological variant of GJB2. SLC26A4 mutation was found in 2.01% of Uyghur patients and 14.57% of Han Chinese patients (P < 0.05), respectively. The frequencies of mtDNA 12S rRNA mutation in Uyghur and Han Chinese patients were 2.01% and 2.65% (P > 0.05), respectively. The NSD patients exhibited a low frequency of GJB3 mutation regardless of ethnicity.ConclusionPrevalent deafness-associated gene mutations in the nine loci studied were less frequently detected in Uyghur NSD patients than in Han Chinese patients. GJB2 was the most common mutant gene in the two ethnicities, whilst the two ethnicities differed substantially in hotspot mutations. A low-frequency SLC26A4 mutation was detected in Uyghur NSD patients. Uyghur NSD patients differed significantly from Han Chinese patients in gene mutation profile.
Highlights
The deafness-associated gene mutation profile varies greatly among regions and races
The epidemiological studies demonstrate that a large proportion of non-syndromic deafness (NSD) can be caused by a relative small number of mutant genes, including GJB2, SLC26A4, and mtDNA 12S rRNA [9,10,11,12,13]
CapitalBio Corporation (Beijing, China) develops a microarray chip that is designated to detect mutation hotspots of inherited deafness in Chinese population, based on the large-scale epidemiological study data across 28 provinces and municipalities from Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital [14,15,16]. This microarray chip allows the simultaneous detection of nine loci of four deafnessassociated genes, namely, 35delG, 176-191del16, 235delC and 299-300delAT for GJB2 gene, 538C > T for GJB3 gene, 1555A > G and 1494C > T for mtDNA 12S rRNA gene, and 2168A > G (H723R) and IVS7-2A > G for SLC26A4 gene
Summary
The deafness-associated gene mutation profile varies greatly among regions and races. CapitalBio Corporation (Beijing, China) develops a microarray chip that is designated to detect mutation hotspots of inherited deafness in Chinese population, based on the large-scale epidemiological study data across 28 provinces and municipalities from Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital [14,15,16]. This microarray chip allows the simultaneous detection of nine loci of four deafnessassociated genes, namely, 35delG, 176-191del16, 235delC and 299-300delAT for GJB2 gene, 538C > T for GJB3 gene, 1555A > G and 1494C > T for mtDNA 12S rRNA gene, and 2168A > G (H723R) and IVS7-2A > G for SLC26A4 gene
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