Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most important human pathogens. Th ese bacteria have the ability to colonize animals andcross species barriers. Th ree major groups of MRSA strains have emerged. Healthcare associated MRSA and community acquired MRSA strains have potential to spread worldwide and oft en persist in hospitals and communities as clonal strains. Th e livestock-associated MRSA has been isolated from healthy human carriers but also from infected patients all around the world. Molecular typing of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec), multilocus sequence typing in combination with pulse fi eld gel electrophoresis and spa typing are most frequently used for genetic characterization of MRSA strains. Th e community-acquired MRSA strains are capable of producing Panton Valentine leukocidin (PVL) cytotoxin which is their major virulence determinant. MRSA strains possess a number of virulence factors that are common in other bacteria and it is still not entirely explained which virulence factors or mechanisms of their regulation are important for the pathogenic potential, persistence in the environment or the ability to cause detrimental infection in patients. Recently, as a contribution to the progress of molecular biology, peculiar mechanisms of genetic regulation of virulence genes have been discovered and their role in pathogenesis of infection and epidemiology of MRSA has been studied.
Highlights
NJIHOVO PRENOŠENJEMaja Velhner[1], Gordana Kozoderović[2], Ljiljana Suvajdžić[3], Dalibor Todorović[1], Jelena Petrović[1 1] Naučni institut za veterinarstvo “Novi Sad”, Novi Sad, Srbija, 2 Učiteljski fakultet u Somboru, Departman za prirodne nauke i menadžment u obrazovanju, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Novi Sad, Srbija
Molecular typing of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec), multilocus sequence typing in combination with pulse field gel electrophoresis and spa typing are most frequently used for genetic characterization of MRSA strains
MRSA strains possess a number of virulence factors that are common in other bacteria and it is still not entirely explained which virulence factors or mechanisms of their regulation are important for the pathogenic potential, persistence in the environment or the ability to cause detrimental infection in patients
Summary
Maja Velhner[1], Gordana Kozoderović[2], Ljiljana Suvajdžić[3], Dalibor Todorović[1], Jelena Petrović[1 1] Naučni institut za veterinarstvo “Novi Sad”, Novi Sad, Srbija, 2 Učiteljski fakultet u Somboru, Departman za prirodne nauke i menadžment u obrazovanju, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Novi Sad, Srbija. MRSA sojevi koji su bolničkog ili vanbolničkog porekla rašireni su u celom svetu i često perzistiraju klonalno. MRSA poreklom od životinja su takođe nađeni i kod ljudi koji su latentno inficirani i kod inficiranih pacijenta u celom svetu. Vanbolnički MRSA sojevi iz zajednice imaju sposobnost da produkuju Panton Valentin leukocidin (PVL) citotoksin koji je ujedno i najvažnija determinanta njihove virulencije. MRSA poseduju mnogobrojne faktore virulencije koje se nalaze i kod drugih bakterija i još uvek nije u potpunosti objašnjeno koji su geni virulencije ili mehanizmi njihove regulacije važni za patogeni potencijal, perzistiranje u životnoj sredini ili u nekim slučajevima, za nastanak po život opasnih infekcija ljudi. Paralelno sa razvojem molekularne biologije, naučnici otkrivaju specifične mehanizme genetske regulacije faktora virulencije i istraživanje njihove uloge u patogenezi i epidemiologiji infekcija koje izazivaju MRSA sojevi
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