Abstract
Aim. The study of the genetic structure of the two created Moldovan types of sheep – Tsigay wool-meat-dairy and karakul astrakhan -meat-and-milk types by the frequency of antigens, genotypes, alleles, homozygosity level and the number of effective alleles. Methods. Genetic analysis was performed using seven blood group systems (A, B, C, D, M, R, I) by the method of setting the hemolysis and agglutination reactions. Results. At MoldovanTsigay sheep, the frequency of antigens in blood group systems varies from 0.05 to 0.95. There are 38 genotypes and 20 alleles. The total homozygosity constituted 0.5393 and the efficacy per allele was 1.866. In contrast to the Tsigay sheep the Moldovan karakul sheep have 136 genotypes and 48 alleles, the total homozygosity is the same – 0.5230, and the efficiency per allele is almost twice higher – 3.3574. Conclusions.Genetic markers are useful in an objective assessment of genetic diversity and the degree of kinship of sheep breeds. Being an integral part of the genofondof the population, they provide valuable information about the changes occurring in it in the breeding process.
 Keywords: Sheep, antigens, genotypes, alleles, homozygosity.
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