Abstract
Helicobacter pylori exhibits a diverse genomic structure with high mutation and recombination rates. Various genetic elements function as drivers of this genomic diversity including genome rearrangements. Identifying the association of these elements with rearrangements can pave the way to understand its genome evolution. We analyzed the order of orthologous genes among 72 publicly available complete genomes to identify large genome rearrangements, and rearrangement breakpoints were compared with the positions of insertion sequences, genomic islands, and restriction modification genes. Comparison of the shared inversions revealed the conserved genomic elements across strains from different geographical locations. Some were region-specific and others were global, indicating that highly shared rearrangements and their markers were more ancestral than strain—or region—specific ones. The locations of genomic islands were an important factor for the occurrence of the rearrangements. Comparative genomics helps to evaluate the conservation of various elements contributing to the diversity across genomes.
Highlights
Academic Editor: Vincenzo ScarlatoReceived: 1 March 2021Accepted: 12 March 2021Published: 17 March 2021Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) has infected nearly half of the world’s population and may cause a wide range of diseases from mild gastritis to gastric cancer [1,2]
We provide a detailed analysis on the relationship between molecular markers with these rearrangements and discuss their chronological ordering and the possible relation to the H. pylori pathogenicity
The inner inversion R2 was associated with genomic islands (GIs) with inverted IS605 repeat as its possible cause (Figure 1)
Summary
Academic Editor: Vincenzo ScarlatoReceived: 1 March 2021Accepted: 12 March 2021Published: 17 March 2021Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) has infected nearly half of the world’s population and may cause a wide range of diseases from mild gastritis to gastric cancer [1,2]. The mode of inheritance is still unclear, but H. pylori is considered to have co-evolved with
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
