Abstract
Climate change is an undeniable threat to sustainable wheat production in the future as an increased temperature will significantly increase grain loss due to the increased number of generations per season of multivoltine species that are detrimental to plants. Among insects, orange wheat blossom midge (OWBM), yellow wheat blossom midge (YWBM), saddle gall midge (SGM), thrips, and frit fly (FF) are important wheat pests in the European environments, which can be managed by the development of resistant cultivars. This involves the identification, confirmation, and incorporation of insect resistance sources into new high-yielding cultivars. We used two diverse and unrelated wheat [winter wheat (WW) and spring wheat (SW)] panels to associate single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers with the mentioned pests using the tools of association mapping. All in all, a total of 645 and 123 significant associations were detected in WW and SW, respectively, which were confined to 246 quantitative trait loci. Many candidate genes were identified using the BLAST analysis of the sequences of associated SNPs. Some of them are involved in controlling the physical structures of plants such as stomatal immunity and closure, cuticular wax in leaf blade, whereas others are involved in the production of certain enzymes in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. To our knowledge, this is the first detailed investigation that deals with YWBM, SGM, thrips, and FF resistance genetics using the natural variation in wheat. The reported germplasm is also readily available to breeders across the world that can make rational decisions to breed for the pest resilience of their interest by including the resistant genotypes being reported.
Highlights
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) productivity and global food security have become synonymous with each other as wheat is the most important food crop in major parts of the world (Shiferaw et al, 2013; Curtis and Halford, 2014)
With the arrival of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), this panel was genotyped with 15K Infinium SNP array, resulting in 11,139 SNPs that were mapped to all 21 linkage groups of bread wheat (Alqudah et al, 2020a)
We comprehensively dissected two different wheat germplasm sets for five different wheat pests over a period of 6 years at multiple locations in central Germany. This is the very first report where natural variation in wheat is exploited to map loci linked to yellow wheat blossom midge (YWBM), saddle gall midge (SGM), frit fly (FF), and thrips resistance
Summary
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) productivity and global food security have become synonymous with each other as wheat is the most important food crop in major parts of the world (Shiferaw et al, 2013; Curtis and Halford, 2014). Because there will be 9 billion people to be fed by 2050, the current wheat yield should be doubled by 2050 (Ray et al, 2013) This is only possible, if the Insect Resistance in Bread Wheat yield is increased at the rate of 1.66% instead of 1% per annum. Recent reports (Deutsch et al, 2018) have shown that an increased temperature will significantly increase the grain loss in many parts of the world in wheat, maize, and rice Likewise, another impact of climate change would be an increased number of generations per season of multivoltine species and their accelerated development causing potentially more damage to crops (Crespo-Herrera et al, 2019). Wheat production has been threatened by unexpected abiotic and biotic stresses due to abrupt environmental changes or the movement of pathogens (Bakala et al, 2021)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
