Genetic Indicators of Barley Cultivars by the Effect of Seeding Rate

Abstract

A field experiment was carried out during the winter season 2021-2022 in research station 1 - College of Agriculture governorate in Anbar to know the genetic variations between different varieties of barley by the effect of seeding rate. Add was to find the selective indicator for improving barley yield. Split plots arrangement according to randomized complete block design (RCBD) at three replications was used. The main plots included three seeding rates (120, 160 and 200) Kg ha-1, while the subplots included five barley cultivars (Iba 256, Iksad 617, Amal, Samir and Buraq). The results showed that the low seeding rate (120 Kg ha-1) was significantly superior in the flag leaf area (14.45 cm2). In comparison, the high seeding rate (200 Kg ha-1) was significantly superior in the crop growth rate, weight of 1000 grains, grain yield and biological yield (13.76 g m-2 day-1, 48.21 g,5.78 ton ha-1and 20.48ton ha-1) respectively. In contrast, the seeding rate of 160 Kg ha-1 was significantly superior in the harvest index (28.87%). The yield and its components of barley were studied in terms of performance and variances, and the values of genetic and environmental variances, genetic and phenotypic variance coefficients and heritability in the broad sense were calculated the highest percentages of genetic to environmental variations for the weight of 1000 grains. The highest heritability rates were 99.28% and 98.54% for the biological yield and the weight of 1000 grains, respectively.