Genetic Improvement of Local Red Peanut With Using Nuclear Technique (Multigamma Irradiation) for Obtaining Superior Variety

Bartholomeus Pasangka,Refli Refli

doi:10.5539/jas.v14n1p94

Abstract

The main problem examined in this study concerns the breeding of local red peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) to use standard multigamma irradiation methods to obtain superior variety that can be adapted to drought conditions, pests-diseases, extreme climate, and high production. The research objective was to develop local red peanut variety to use multigamma irradiation and careful selection for obtaining superior variety that can be adapted to drought conditions, pests-diseases, extreme climate, and high production. Research methods include multigamma irradiation, observation, sampling, carefully selection, comparative, and interpretation. The results of the study are as follows: The development of local red peanut variety through breeding to use multigamma irradiation and careful selection resulted in superior variety that could adapt to drought conditions, pests-diseases, extreme climate, and increased production significantly. The range of production of selected superior variety resulting from multigamma irradiation was (3.68-4.10) t ha-1 with an average production of 3.92 t ha-1. The percentage increase in the production of selected superior variety was 49.23% with an average water content of dry seeds of 11.3%.

Highlights

1.1 Main Problem ResearchedThe main problem studied in this study was the improvement of cultivars of Malacca local red peanut seeds by utilizing multigamma irradiation to obtain superior cultivars that were able to adapt to drought stress, pests and high production
This indicates that local red peanuts from Malaka as a resulting from multigamma irradiation can adapt to less watery land and extreme climate, are tolerant of pests and diseases, and have a high production probability
The average age of harvest for selected superior variety was 82 d a p and the initial variety was 115 d a p. These results show that the local red peanut from Malaka for selected superior variety resulting with multigamma irradiation has a shorter harvest life than the initial variety

Summary

Introduction

The main problem studied in this study was the improvement of cultivars of Malacca local red peanut seeds by utilizing multigamma (nuclear) irradiation to obtain superior cultivars that were able to adapt to drought stress, pests and high production. The advantage of this method is that it is possible to obtain superior cultivar varieties in a relatively short time and with several variations so that it makes it easier to carry out careful selection to obtain superior local red bean seed cultivars (Nopitasari et al, 2020; Yudiwanti et al, 2018; Prayitno et al, 2018; Purnowo et al, 2019). The conventional method of crossing up to F7 or F9 with a long enough time to get superior cultivars

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion