Genetic Improvement in Cattle Through Artificial Insemination and Artificial Insemination at Fixed Time

Abstract

The livestock sector seeks to improve the productivity of meat, milk and rusticity, through crosses, which has led to deterioration of racial lines, impact on the decline in quality and quantity of production, and directly influencing profitability. Currently the biotechnological advances propose to improve the production levels of a cattle company, based on the practice of Artificial Insemination (IA) and Artificial Insemination at Fixed Time (IATF) managing and introducing genetic improvement, practices that increase the productive and reproductive value of cattle to compete in the local, national and international market. The IA and the IATF, have the time of the process of insemination, the IA, is managed to detect zeal and the IATF must be taken into account the hours of the application of the hormones for the insemination in exact times, these two methods are handled with the use of a proven and proven semen of highly productive animals for meat and / or milk. For IATF protocols have been available for estrous synchronization based on: “those using combinations of GnRH and prostaglandin F2α (PGF), called Ovsynch protocols and those using devices with known progesterone (P4) and estradiol as the control of follicular development” division raised by Saldarriaga [1] In this review, we intend to recognize the importance of the application of IA-IATF biotechnologies in livestock production systems to contribute to the genetic improvement of the bovine breeds.