Genetic implications of fluid inclusions in skarn chimney ore, Las Animas Zn–Pb–Ag(–F) deposit, Zimapán, Mexico

Abstract

Three tectonic and physiographic provinces are present in the study area: (1) the Sierra Madre Oriental (SMOR; Suter, 1987; Carrillo-Martinez and Suter, 1982) formed by the succession of anticlines and synclines with a consistent NNW– SSE trend; (2) the Basin and Range (BR), formed by horst and grabens oriented NE–SW and NW– SE; and (3) the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt (TMBV; Aranda-Gomez et al., 2000), a continental volcanic arc on the southwest margin of the NorthAmerican plate resulting from the subduction of the Rivera and Cocos plates along the Acapulco trench (Fig. 1). The SMOR hosts a huge variety of ore deposits: Skarn Pb +Zn +Ag+(Hg–Sb) type ore deposits of Paleocene–Eocene age are found mostly at the El Pinon anticline; low sulfidation epithermal Au–Ag