Genetic health in Czech cattle population

Lenka Hanusová,Libor Večerek,Jindřich Čítek,Daniela Schröffelová,Lucie Tothová

doi:10.15414/afz.2016.19.03.82-83

Abstract

The paper sums up the studies done in the cattle population in the Czech Republic, concerning the genetic health. As for the congenital defects, umbilical hernia was the most frequently noted disorder. In the 90´s, BLAD became a serious problem in the Czech cattle population. However, strict measures have been efficient, and the frequency of heterozygous sires decreased rapidly. The approach to CVM was not consistent enough, and therefore the decrease was somewhat slow. The recessive alleles of bovine citrullinaemia, DUMPS, glycogen storage disease V and II, and factor XI deficiency were not found. Further, the cytogenetic analysis was done. Robertsonian tranclocation affected 0.50% of Czech Simmentals, and 3.57% of beef sires, the Holsteins were not affected. Autosomal aneuploidies were not found, and 2.3% beef animals carried gonosomal triploidy. Key words: congenital, CVM, BLAD, chromosomal abnormalities, translocation References BERRY, D.P. et al. (2011) Genetics of animal health and disease in cattle. Irish Vet. J. , vol. 64, DOI: 10.1186/2046-0481-64-5 Citek, J. et al. (2008) Frequency of BLAD and CVM alleles in sires and elite heifers of Czech Holstein cattle. Germ. Vet. J., vol. 115, pp. 475-477. Ducos, A. et al. (2008) Cytogenetic screening of livestock populations in Europe: an overview. Cytogenet. Genome Res., vol. 120, pp. 26–41. Saperstein G. (1993) Congenital abnormalities of internal organs and body cavities. Vet. Clin. N. Am., vol. 9, pp. 115-125. Seguin, B.E. et al. (2000) Cytogenetic survey of Holstein bulls at a commercial artificial insemination company to determine prevalence of bulls with centric fusion and chimeric anomalies. J. Am. Vet. Med. Ass., vol. 216, pp. 65–67.

Highlights

Genetic health is rather intricate matter, and needs consequent continuous attention in breeding
Developments in omics technologies may help overcome some limitations of traditional breeding programmes (Berry et al, 2011), but databases of phenotypes will be still necessary.The paper sums up the studies done in the Czech cattle population, and focuses on the various aspects of the genetic health
18 congenital disorders occurred in the progeny of 10 and more sires, that is hernia umbilical, BLAD, opened hock, contracture of muscles, schistosomus reflexus, stillborn, hydrocephalus, unviable calves, Robertsonian translocation, brachygnathias, atresia ani, ascites, perishing of calves, abortion, paresis, hernia cerebralis, dystocia (Čítek et al, 2009a)

Summary

Introduction

Genetic health is rather intricate matter, and needs consequent continuous attention in breeding. In the 90 ́s, BLAD become a serious problem of the Holstein population worldwide, and CVM in the 21st century. They are recessive disorders, disseminated by extensive use of heterozygous sire (Čítek and Bláhová, 2004). Developments in omics technologies may help overcome some limitations of traditional breeding programmes (Berry et al, 2011), but databases of phenotypes will be still necessary.The paper sums up the studies done in the Czech cattle population, and focuses on the various aspects of the genetic health

Material and methods

Congenital defects

Recessively inherited diseases

Chromosomal abnormalities

Conclusions