Genetic features of representatives of Malus Mill. for the formation of identified collections and breeding use

Abstract

For the active mobilization of bioresources of the leading agricultural fruit plants, especially apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.), and the inclusion of the best samples of the gene pool in the breeding, it is necessary to know their genetic characteristics according to the priority desired traits. The purpose of the study is to study the allelic polymorphism of the Md-PG1 in representatives of Malus Mill. to identify sources of long-term keeping of fruits and to form an identified collection of apple trees for breeding use. The studies were carried out in the Center for Collective Use «Research and Breeding Collection of Genetic Resources of Horticultural Crops»; generally accepted programs and methods of variety study and breeding of apple trees. Based on the data of molecular genetic analysis, carriers of the allelic combination AA for the Md-PG1 gene were identified - apple varieties: Smeralda, Egemen, Georgiya, hybrids 17/1-6-42 (Champion × Modi) and 17/2-5-15 (Renuartsiv × Carmen). The selected varieties and hybrid forms are promising in the process of creating domestic genetic resources with improved quality indicators, including a genetically determined increase in the shelf life of fruits.