Genetic features of patients with influenza A / H1N1 / 09 complicated by pneumonia

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate polymorphisms of cytokine genes (TNF G308A, IL 10 C592A, IL 10 C819T, IL 10 G1082A), and molecular regulation of inflammation (CD14 C159T) and vascular tone (еNOS C786T) in patients with A / H1N1 flu complicated by pneumonia. Methods. Patients hospitalized for pneumonia complicating influenza A / H1N1 / 09 were involved in the study: 37 patients with severe pneumonia, 74 patients with non severe pneumonia and 115 healthy subjects as controls. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for molecular investigations. Results. Patients with influenza A / H1N1 complicated by pneumonia carried the homozygous G allele of TNF gene polymorphism (308 G/A) and the homozygous G allele of IL 10 gene polymorphism (1082 G/A) more often compared with controls. Patients with pneumonia more often carried IL 10 gene 592 C/A allele and largely as homozygous variant. Frequencies of homozygous IL 10 gene polymorphism (819 C/T) T/T and CD14 gene polymorphism (159 C/T) T/T were significantly lower compared with healthy subjects. On contrary, the homozygous T/T polymorphism (786 C/T) of еNOS gene was more common in patients with pneumonia. Prognostic risk factors for occurrence of pneumonia in patients with influenza А / H1N1 were IL 10 gene polymorphisms 592 CC, 819 CC, and 1082 GG. TNF (308 GG); IL 10 (819 CC) and (1082 GG) haplotypes had the highest prognostic value for severe pneumonia in patients with influenza A / H1N1. TNF (308 GG); IL 10 (819 CC); (1082 GG) and TNF (308 GG); IL 10 (819 CC); (1082 GG) and CD14 (159 CC) haplotypes predicted ARDS and death in patients with influenza A / H1N1 / 09, respectively. Conclusion . Identifying genetic status in a patient with influenza A / H1N1 could predict severity and complications of the disease.