Abstract
The results of studies to identify the genetic characteristics of long-lived cows using marker genes of the EAB locus of blood groups are presented. The research was carried out in farms of the Smolensk region on Brown Swiss cows that had completely finished productive use. The scientific and methodological basis of this work was the generally accepted immunogenetic and statistical methods of research and data processing. As a result of the study of erythrocyte antigenic factors of 1866 animals, the advantage in the duration of productive use from 10 to 18 years of cows carrying genetic material marked with EAB-alleles: B1I1Q, G3O1T1A'2E'3F'2K`(Q`), P1QA'1E'1I`, Y2E'3G'Y'G'', Q, B1G2KY2E'1F'O'G`, G2Y2E`1Q`, I1Y2, I1, BQT1A'1P`, B1G2KA'2B'O' was established. The lowest percentage of long-lived cows (under 6 years) the following EAB-allele carrier were identified: I1Y2Y`, G1O`, I1G'G`, QE'1F'O`, B1O3Y2A'1E'3G'P'Q'Y`, I1O1QA'2, O1, O2E'2G"2, G2E'2, G3O1T1Y2E'3F`2. Lifetime was highly positively correlated with lifetime milk production (r = +0.9).
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