Abstract
Viral diseases are a major threat to world agriculture and breeding resistant varieties against these viruses is one of the major challenge faced by plant virologists and biotechnologists. The development of the concept of pathogen derived resistance gave rise to strategies ranging from coat protein based interference of virus propagation to RNA mediated virus gene silencing. Much progress has been achieved in protecting plants against these RNA and DNA viruses. In this review, the most recent transgene based approaches for viral disease management in plants will be discussed.
Highlights
Viral diseases are a major threat to world agriculture and breeding resistant varieties against these viruses is one of the major challenge faced by plant virologists and biotechnologists
Generation of transgenic plants with virus resistance has been demonstrated as an effective strategy against virus infections through the expression of coat protein genes, viral replicase genes, or other viral sequences
This was first demonstrated for Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) in tobacco (Powel-Abel et al, 1986)
Summary
Homology-dependent selective degradation of RNA, RNA-interference (RNAi) or Post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) is involved in several biological processes, including adaptive defence against viruses in plants (Herr 2005; Ratcliffe et al, 1999; Vance and Vaucheret, 2001; Yu and Kumar, 2003). P14 protein encoded by aureus viruses suppressed both virus and transgene-induced silencing by sequestering both long dsRNA and siRNA without size specificity (Merai et al, 2005). Qu et al (2007) used a different amiRNA vector to target the 2 b viral suppressor of the Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), a suppressor that interacted with and blocked the slicer activity of AGO1 had shown to confer resistance to CMV infection in transgenic tobacco. A strong correlation between virus resistance and the expression level of the 2 b-specific amiRNA was shown for individual plant lines. It is evident from above-mentioned reports that the RNA components, such as single strand template RNA, dsRNA and/or siRNA of the silencing pathways are the.
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