Abstract
The additive (A), dominant (D), and gene–environment interaction effect components because of Sea Island cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.) chromosome (arm) are separated using 16 chromosome substitute (CS-B) lines by a modified AD model. The CS-B lines and their receptor, TM-1, are used as male parents and top-crossed with three elite upland cotton cultivars to obtain 51 F1 hybrids. The 51 F1 hybrids, 16 CS-B lines, TM-1, and three cultivars were planted by a complete blot design with three replications at two locations in 2006. The result shows that chromosome 22Lo and 22Sh are significantly associated with fiber quality traits. As for Sea Island cotton chromosome (arm), chromosome 2 is used to improve elongation by early generation selection. Chromosome 14Sh, which is used to improve fiber length and strength, can also be achieved by early generation selection. It is also beneficial to use chromosome 15Sh to improve fiber strength, and to use chromosome 22Sh to improve elongation. As for hybrid cotton breeding, it is reasonable, using chromosome 11Sh from Sea Island cotton, to improve fiber quality.
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