Genetic Effects and Heterosis of Yield and Yield Component Traits Based on Gossypium Barbadense Chromosome Segment Substitution Lines in Two Gossypium Hirsutum Backgrounds.

Botao Li,Junwen Li,Qun Ge,Chaoyang Jia,Haihong Shang,Tingting Chen,Yuzhen Shi,Yushu Hu,Youlu Yuan,Wankui Gong,Yake Lei,Aiying Liu,Juwu Gong,Xianlong Zhang

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0157978

Abstract

We hybridized 10 chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) each from two CSSL populations and produced 50 F1 hybrids according to North Carolina Design II. We analyzed the genetic effects and heterosis of yield and yield components in the F1 hybrids and parents in four environments via the additive-dominance genetic model. Yield and yield components of the CSSLs were controlled by combined additive and dominance effects, and lint percentage was mainly controlled by additive effects, but boll weight, boll number, seedcotton yield and lint yield were mainly controlled by dominance effects. We detected significant interaction effects between genetics and the environment for all yields traits. Similar interactions were detected between two CSSL populations (Pop CCRI 36 and Pop CCRI 45). Significant positive mid-parent heterosis was detected for all yield traits in both populations, and significant positive better-parent heterosis was also detected for all yield traits except lint percentage. The differences among parents were relatively small, but significant heterosis was detected for yield and yield components. Therefore, the relationship between heterosis and genetic distance for yield traits is complicated and requires further study. These CSSLs represent useful tools for improving yield and yield components in cotton.

Highlights

Cotton (Gossypium spp.) is one of the most important cash crops and the leading fiber resource for the textile industry worldwide
lint percentage (LP) was mainly controlled by additive effects, but boll weight (BW), Boll number (BN), seedcotton yields (SCY) and Lint yield (LY) were mainly controlled by dominance effects
We found that all yield traits of the chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) examined were controlled by combined additive and dominance effects, whereas LP was primarily controlled by additive effects and BW, BN, SCY and LY were mainly controlled by dominance effects

Summary

Introduction

Cotton (Gossypium spp.) is one of the most important cash crops and the leading fiber resource for the textile industry worldwide. Chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs, often referred to as introgression lines), which include near-isogenic lines covering the entire genome of a crop, can be developed by crossing donor and recipient parents, backcrossing to the recipient parent and using molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS) [3, 11]. In this process, one or a few homozygous chromosome segments are derived from the donor parent and the rest of the genome is the same as that of the recipient parent. These lines serve as ideal tools for quantitative genetics, utilization of heterosis and gene pyramiding breeding [2, 3, 10, 12,13,14]

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