Abstract
Genetic drift is an evolutionary force that causes random fluctuations in allele frequencies over time in finite populations. Numerous models of genetic drift have been developed, but the most widely used is the Wright–Fisher model, which relies on a binomial sampling process. Models of genetic drift such as the Wright–Fisher model make a series of idealized assumptions about the properties of populations; these idealized assumptions can be rectified by defining an effective population size. Mathematical studies of genetic drift have greatly enhanced our ability to make insights into the past and present evolutionary processes.
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