Genetic Diversity Within and Among Populations of Roseroot (Rhodiola rosea L.) Based on Molecular Markers

Zsuzsanna Gyorgy,Maria Szabo,Andrzej Pedryc,Dmitry Bacharov

doi:10.15835/nbha4028212

Zsuzsanna Gyorgy, Maria Szabo + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha4028212

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Abstract

Rhodiola rosea L. is a perennial adaptogenic medicinal plant found in cool climate of the northern hemisphere. The species is very diverse both in terms of morphological characteristics and in the content of the pharmacologically active substances. The genetic diversity of four geographically distant roseroot populations was studied with ISSR and SSR markers. Using 7 ISSR primers 64 DNA fragments were generated and 85,94% of those were found to be polymorphic, indicating high genetic variability at the species level (gene diversity = 0.33, Shannon index = 0.48). Lower level of diversity was detected at the population level (Shannon-index ranged from 0.2173 to 0.2696). Only four out of the eight SSR markers used were informative during this study. The primer pairs for these four SSR markers produced 25 fragments with an average of 6.25 putative alleles per locus. Observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.4 to 1.0, whereas expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.47 to 0.84. Cluster analysis based on both markers revealed the same groups, individuals clustered according to their geographic origin. The Southern-Uralian population was the most genetically isolated. ITS analysis was used for the determination whether these Southern-Uralian individuals belong to the same species.

Highlights

Rhodiola rosea L., commonly known as golden root or roseroot is a traditional adaptogen medicinal plant
Genetic variability within the populations detected with the inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) method was somewhat higher than in the study of Kozyrenko et al (2011) where eight primers were used
Shannon index ranged between 0.22-0.27 while in the study of Kozyrenko et al (2011) it ranged between 0.16-0.26

Summary

Introduction

Rhodiola rosea L., commonly known as golden root or roseroot is a traditional adaptogen medicinal plant. It is a herbaceous plant with thick rhizome, which contains pharmacologically important secondary metabolites (Brown et al, 2002). Rhodiola rosea displays a circumpolar distribution in the higher latitudes and elevations of the Northern hemisphere mainly in Asia and Europe (Brown et al, 2002; Furmanowa et al, 1995). According to Hegi (1963), its distribution in Europe extends from Iceland and the British Isles across Scandinavia as far south as the Pyrenees, the Alps, the Carpathian Mountains and other mountainous Balkan regions. Roseroot is highly variable both in phytochemical (Kurkin et al, 1988, Wiedenfeld et al, 2007) and in morphological aspects (Asdal et al 2006; Ohba 1981, 1989)

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